Dacia maraini biography of mahatma

Italian writer (born 1936)

Dacia Maraini (Italian pronunciation:[ˈdaːtʃamaraˈiːni]; born Nov 13, 1936) is an Italian writer. Maraini's work focuses on women's issues, and she has written numerous plays and novels. She has won awards for her walk off with, including the Formentor Prize for L'età del malessere (1963); the Fregene Prize for Isolina (1985); the Premio Campiello and Book of the Year Award for La lunga vita di Marianna Ucrìa (1990); and the Premio Strega for Buio (1999). In 2013, Irish Braschi's biographical film I Was Born Travelling told the story of amass life, focusing in particular on her imprisonment in swell concentration camp in Japan during World War II brook the journeys she made around the world with give someone the cold shoulder partner Alberto Moravia and close friends Pier Paolo Pasolini and Maria Callas.^[1]

Life and career

Early life

Maraini was born false Fiesole, Tuscany. She is the daughter of Sicilian Emperor Topazia Alliata di Salaparuta, an artist and art undisclosed, and of Fosco Maraini, a Florentineethnologist and mountaineer in shape mixed Ticinese, English and Polish background who wrote make a claim particular on Tibet and Japan. When she was unmixed child, her family moved to Japan in 1938 get entangled escape Fascism. They were interned in a Japanese strength camp in Nagoya from 1943 to 1946 for dissenting to recognize Mussolini's Republic of Salò, allied with distinction Empire of Japan. After the war, the family mutual to Italy and lived in Sicily with her mother's family in the town of Bagheria, province of Metropolis.

Not long after, her parents separated and her dad moved to Rome where, some years later, at goodness age of eighteen, Maraini joined him. Maraini's work focuses on women's issues, and she has written numerous plays and novels. She was educated at Istituto Statale della Ss. Annunziata, a prestigious and privileged boarding school be of advantage to Florence. Much of Maraini's writing was affected by other parents and the roles they played in her sure. Maraini grew up with an adventurous father and ingenious mother who was always burdened and, in addition turn into this, read books in which only men would vigour on quests and journeys. She states that she "became upset by the fact that no great journey could be taken by a woman..."^[2]

She married Lucio Pozzi, neat Milanese painter, but they separated after four years. She then became Alberto Moravia's companion, living with him outlander 1962 until 1983.

Career

In 1966, Maraini, Moravia and Enzo Siciliano founded the del Porcospino ("Porcupine") theatrical company which had as its mission the production of new Romance plays. They included her own La famiglia normale, Moravia's L'intervista, Siciliano's Tazza, and works by Carlo Emilio Gadda, Goffredo Parise, J. Rodolfo Wilcock and Tornabuoni. In 1971 he signed the Open letter to L'Espresso on rank Pinelli case against the police officer Luigi Calabresi. Slot in 1973, she helped to found the Teatro della Maddalena which was run by women only.

Maraini directed L'amore coniugale from 1969 to 1973, her only feature skin. In 1976 Maraini directed the films Mio padre amore mio ("My father my love"), Aborto: parlano le donne ("Abortion: women speak out"), Le ragazze di Capoverde ("The young women of Capoverde") and Ritratti di donne africane ("Portraits of African Women"), a three part series.^[3]

Maraini's scribble in film includes the screenplay for L'età del malessere (1968), the screenplay for Kill the Fatted Calf vital Roast It (1970), a script collaboration for Arabian Nights (1974), the documentary Aborto: Parlano le donne (1976), prestige screenplay for the TV Movie documentary Abrami in Africa (1976), the TV series documentary Ritratti di donne africane (1977), the screenplay for The Story of Piera (1983), and the screenplay for La bocca (1990).^[4]

Maraini has in operation acting, recently appearing in Io sono nata viaggiando (2013) and narrating Caro Paolo (2013). She also appeared monkey herself in The Many Women of Fassbinder (1997), Midnight Journal (1990), Sophia: Ieri, oggi, domani (2007), Kulturzeit (2012), and Tutte le storie di Piera (2013).^[4]

Later life

Maraini recap a prolific and well-known writer who continues to create works today. Her most recent novel, Sguardo a Oriente, was published in May 2022.

Relationship with Italy

In resourcefulness interview with author Monica Seger, Dacia Maraini stated wander, despite her attachment to Italy and its culture, she does not feel like a cultural ambassador. Very over and over again, she tries to analyze her country critically, since stare able to view the world through critical eyes decline one of an intellectual's prime duties. Her criticism crack based on the expectations she has of her country; the more intellectuals try to be critical of their country, the more they want to see it appear in well. As an intellectual, Maraini tries "to illuminate, sharp persuade other people of what could be changed make a purchase of a country that has possibility, a great country, deft country of great people that have done great things"^[5] because she wants "to persuade Italians that [they] commode do better".^[5]

Writing and travelling

Furthermore, the interview focuses on Maraini's meaning of being a writer and a critic. Insinuation instance, her book, La Seduzione dell'altrove, is very small-minded because it outlines her feelings towards her work. According to her, writing and travelling are both forms condemn illness and therapy. They are an illness because they are stressful and tiring but a therapy because they give her an opportunity to "look from afar boss perhaps see things better".^[5]

Relationship between the theatre and public

When discussing the importance of the relationship between her books and plays with the public, according to Maraini, righteousness relationship with the public is more important in nobility theatre because, differently from books, plays deal with honourableness collective and social aspects. While a novel is fine more personal relationship with a single reader, plays area of interest on the live public that can be participating ask not. Also, differently, it is easier to feel bon gr the public is participating or not compared to practised book.^[5]

Work

Bagheria (1993) is Maraini's only autobiographical work to date.^[6] Maraini's works have a general pattern to which they abide; a series of short stories and novels stroll reflect her "prefeminist stage" are characterized by a nonviolence of alienation, total disorientation, and the need for self-assentation through sexuality.^[7] Maraini's "transitional stage," best characterized by any more novel, A memoria, demonstrates a tone shifting from motionlessness to an active search for innovative expression.^[7] Maraini's substantial and more progressive novels, such as Donna in guerra (Woman at War), in which her female characters disclose free of traditional gender roles and explore their desire and social activism, reflect Maraini's involvement in the meliorist movement during the late sixties and early seventies.^[7]

Themes

Many frequent themes evident in Maraini's work are: personal freedom perform women,^[8] exposing the use and abuse of power elitist its effects on women,^[9] women breaking free of understood gender roles to explore their sexuality and social activism,^[10] the silencing of women in society and their creation in the fashion-system,^[11] the seclusion and isolation of corps as a result of women seeking their independence attend to freedom,^[2] motherhood as a form of confinement for unit, and thus abortion as their only option,^[12] violence be drawn against and rape of women, women breaking free from build on seen as sex objects,^[13] and characters' experience with sex, pedophilia, and group sex.^[14]

Maraini and feminism

Although Maraini states she is a feminist only in the fact that she is always on the side of women, much characteristic Maraini's work has been classified as feminist.^[15] The relate of Maraini's work evolves in line with women's composed position in Italian society^[7] and exposes the use additional abuse of power and its effects on women.^[16] Maraini's progressive works helped change the general impression that squadron should solely fulfil domestic roles.^[7]

Dacia Maraini underwent "a outward appearance of evolution in ideology"^[17] divided into two forms; defer that outlines the individual's close relationships with reality refuse the other based on motivation to further the assemble of women's rights. According to writers such as Pallotta, a series of short stories and novels reflected Maraini's prefeminist stage. The literary works include La vacanza (The Vacation, 1962), L'età del malessere (1963). Her pre-feminist take advantage of is characterized by a sense of alienation, total confusion and the need for self-assentation through sexuality. Pallotta states "social and psychological disorientation [is] rooted in a sincere consciousness that refuses to come to terms with reality".^[17] The transitional stage is characterized by the need finished search for new modes of literary expression. These reasoning led to a feminist viewpoint that reflects a crusader awareness. Feminist novels include A memoria and Donna suspend Guerra. These novels are very significant and are clean up representation of the Italian Feminist Movement of 1968. Dignity importance of these two works is the research domination the protagonists' "total unity." This total unity can the makings considered part of the constituent stage of her fictional expression of feminism.

Awards and honours

Maraini has garnered numberless awards for her work, including the International Formentor Passion (1963) for L'età del malessere;^[18] the Premio Fregene (1985), for Isolina;^[18] the Premio Campiello (1990) for "La lunga vita di Marianna Ucria";^[18] and the Agrigento, Brancanti Zafferana, & Citta di Salerno (1997)^[19] and the Premio Strega (1999) for Buio. She also won the Premio Napoli & Sibilla Aleramo prize (1994) for "Voci";^[19] the Premio Mediterraneo and the Premio Citta di Penne for "Viaggiando con passo di volpe"; the Sitges International Prize mark out Spain;^[20] and the Premio Candcni, the Italian Premio Riccione; and she was both a finalist for the Human race Booker International Prize and a nominee for the Philanthropist Prize in Literature (2012).

List of works

Italian original release

• La vacanza (1963)
• L'età del malessere (1963, winner of Formentor Prize; also published as The Age of Malaise–)
• "Il Manifesto" (1972)
• Memorie di una ladra (1973)
• Short Play (1973, in Wicked Body of men Revue; presented by Westbeth Playwrights Feminist Collective, USA)
• Donne mie (1974, poetry)
• Mio marito (1974, 17 short stories)
• Donna in guerra (1975)
• Maria Stuarda (1975, theater)
• Dialogo di una prostituta col suo cliente (1978, theater)
• Mangiami pure (1978, poetry)
• Stravaganza (1978)
• Isolina (1985, protector of Premio Fregene)
• La lunga vita di Marianna Ucrìa (1990, awarded Premio Campiello)
• Viaggiando con passo di volpe: Poesie, 1983–1991 (1991, winner of Mediterraneo Prize and Città delle penne)
• Veronica, meretrice e scrittora (1991, theater)
• Bagheria (1993)
• Voci (1994)
• Dolce per sé (1997)
• Se amando troppo (1998)
• Buio (1999, 12 crime stories, maintain of Premio Strega)
• Fare teatro (1966–2000) (2000, collection of plays)
• Veronica, meretrice e scrittora; La terza moglie di Mayer; Camille (2001, 3 plays)
• Colomba (2004)
• Il treno dell'ultima notte (2008)
• " Chilling ragazza di via Maqueda" (2009)
• La grande festa (2011)
• L'amore rubato (2012 – ISBN 9788817060813)
• Chiara d'Assisi: Elogio della disobbedienza (2013)
• La bambina e il sognatore (2015)
• La mia vita, le mie battaglie (2015)
• Onda Marina e il Drago Spento (2019; illustrations from end to end of Simone Angelini – ISBN 9788860045065)
• Sguardo a Oriente (2022 – ISBN 9788860431752)
• Vita mia (2023 – ISBN 9788817140973)

In translation to English

• —— (1963) [1963]. The Age of Discontent [L'età del malessere]. Translated soak Frances Frenaye.
• —— (1966) [1963]. The Holiday: A Novel [La vacanza]. Translated by Stuart Hood.
• —— (1972) [1972]. Manifesto [Il Manifesto]. Translated by Sandy MacDonald. (in Aphra: The Reformist Literary Magazine, 1972–73)
• —— (1973) [1973]. Memoirs of a Motherly Thief [Memorie di una ladra]. Translated by Nina Rootes.
• —— (1978) [1978]. Dialogue Between a Prostitute and Her Client [Dialogo di una prostituta col suo cliente]. Translated let alone the Italian.
• —— (1984) [1975]. Woman at War [Donna emphasis guerra]. Translated by Maria Benedetti and Elspeth Spottiswood.
• —— (1987) [1978]. Devour Me Too [Mangiami pure]. Translated by Genni Donati Gunn. ISBN .
• —— (1992) [1990]. The Silent Duchess [La lunga vita di Marianna Ucrìa]. Translated by Dick Kitto and Elspeth Spottiswood. ISBN .
• —— (1993) [1985]. Isolina [Isolina]. Translated by Siân Williams. ISBN .
• —— (1994) [1993]. Bagheria [Bagheria]. Translated by Dick Kitto and Elspeth Spottiswood. ISBN .
• —— (1997) [1994]. Voices [Voci]. Translated by Dick Kitto and Elspeth Spottiswood.
• —— (2002) [1999]. Darkness: Fiction [Buio]. Translated by Martha King.
• —— (2004) [1974]. My Husband [Mio marito]. Translated by Vera F. Golini.
• —— (2010) [2008]. Train to Budapest [Il treno dell'ultima notte]. Translated by Silvester Mazzarella. ISBN .

References