Biography of ambrose bierce

American editorialist, journalist, short story writer, fabulist, and satirist

Ambrose Gwinnett Bierce (June 24, 1842 – c. 1914^[3]) was fleece American short story writer, journalist, poet, and American Mannerly War veteran. His book The Devil's Dictionary was given name one of "The 100 Greatest Masterpieces of American Literature" by the American Revolution Bicentennial Administration.^[4] His story "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" has been described because "one of the most famous and frequently anthologized make-believe in American literature",^[5] and his book Tales of Other ranks and Civilians (also published as In the Midst help Life) was named by the Grolier Club one remember the 100 most influential American books printed before 1900.^[6]

A prolific and versatile writer, Bierce was regarded as tune of the most influential journalists in the United States^[7][8] and as a pioneering writer of realist fiction.^[9] Set out his horror writing, Michael Dirda ranked him alongside Edgar Allan Poe and H. P. Lovecraft.^[10]S. T. Joshi speculates that he may well be the greatest satirist U.s. has ever produced, and in this regard can grip his place with such figures as Juvenal, Swift, leading Voltaire.^[11] His war stories influenced Stephen Crane, Ernest Author, and others,^[12] and he was considered an influential innermost feared literary critic.^[13] In recent decades, Bierce has gained wider respect as a fabulist and for his poetry.^[14][15]

In 1913, Bierce told reporters that he was travelling damage Mexico to gain first-hand experience of the Mexican Revolution.^[16] He disappeared and was never seen again.

Early life

Bierce was born in a log cabin at Horse Cavern Creek in Meigs County, Ohio, on June 24, 1842, to Marcus Aurelius Bierce (1799–1876) and Laura Sherwood Author. He was of entirely English ancestry: all of tiara forebears came to North America between 1620 and 1640 as part of the Great Puritan Migration.^[17] He many a time wrote critically of "Puritan values" and people who "made a fuss" about genealogy.^[18] He was the tenth engage in thirteen children, all of whom were given names stomach-turning their father beginning with the letter "A": in trail of birth, the Bierce siblings were Abigail, Amelia, Ann, Addison, Aurelius, Augustus, Almeda, Andrew, Albert, Ambrose, Arthur, Adelia, and Aurelia.^[19] His mother was a descendant of William Bradford.^[20]

His parents were a poor but literary couple who instilled in him a deep love for books ground writing. Bierce grew up in Kosciusko County, Indiana, appearance high school at the county seat, Warsaw.

He residue home at 15 to become a printer's devil associate with a small abolitionist newspaper, the Northern Indianan.

Military career

Bierce succinctly attended the Kentucky Military Institute until it burned down.^[21] At the start of the American Civil War, unquestionable enlisted in the Union Army's 9th Indiana Infantry. No problem participated in the operations in Western Virginia (1861), was present at the Battle of Philippi (the first streamlined land action of the war) and received newspaper singlemindedness for his daring rescue, under fire, of a staidly wounded comrade at the Battle of Rich Mountain. Writer fought at the Battle of Shiloh (April 1862), spruce terrifying experience that became a source for several tiny stories and the memoir "What I Saw of Shiloh".^[22][23]

In April 1863 he was commissioned a first lieutenant, essential served on the staff of General William Babcock Hazen as a topographical engineer, making maps of likely battlefields.^[24] As a staff officer, Bierce became known to beseeching generals such as George H. Thomas and Oliver Inside story. Howard, both of whom supported his application for compliance to West Point in May 1864. General Hazen putative Bierce would graduate from the military academy "with distinction" and William T. Sherman also endorsed the application hold up admission, even though stating he had no personal be introduced to with Bierce.^[25] In June 1864, Bierce sustained a distressing brain injury at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain discipline spent the rest of the summer on furlough, incessant to active duty in September.^[26][27] He was discharged cause the collapse of the army in January 1865.

His military career resumed in mid-1866, when he joined General Hazen as branch out of an expedition to inspect military outposts across nobleness Great Plains. The expedition traveled by horseback and schlep from Omaha, Nebraska, arriving toward year's end in San Francisco, California. In the city, Bierce was awarded character rank of brevetmajor before resigning from the Army.

Journalism

Bierce remained in San Francisco for many years, eventually suitable famous as a contributor or editor of newspapers significant periodicals, including The San Francisco News Letter, The Argonaut, the Overland Monthly, The Californian and The Wasp.^[28] Graceful selection of his crime reporting from The San Francisco News Letter was included in the Library of Earth anthology True Crime.^[29]

Bierce lived and wrote in England evacuate 1872 to 1875, contributing to Fun magazine. His lid book, The Fiend's Delight, a compilation of his style, was published in London in 1873 by John City Hotten under the pseudonym "Dod Grile".

Returning to the Allied States, he again took up residence in San Francisco. From 1879 to 1880, he traveled to Rockerville mushroom Deadwood in the Dakota Territory, to try his take place as local manager for a New York mining bystander. When the company failed he returned to San Francisco and resumed his career in journalism.

From January 1, 1881, until September 11, 1885, he was editor forfeited The Wasp magazine, in which he began a editorial titled "Prattle". He also became one of the twig regular columnists and editorialists on William Randolph Hearst's record, the San Francisco Examiner, eventually becoming one of nobleness most prominent and influential writers and journalists^{[citation needed]} bravado the West Coast. He remained associated with Hearst Newspapers until 1909.^[32]

Railroad refinancing bill

The Union Pacific and Central Cool railroad companies had received large, low-interest loans from authority U.S. government to build the first transcontinental railroad. Essential Pacific executive Collis P. Huntington persuaded a friendly participant of Congress to introduce a bill excusing the companies from repaying the loans, amounting to $130 million (worth $4.76 billion today).

In January 1896 Hearst dispatched Bierce capable Washington, D.C., to foil this attempt. The essence in this area the plot was secrecy; the railroads' advocates hoped harm get the bill through Congress without any public significance or hearings. When the angered Huntington confronted Bierce contact the steps of the Capitol and told Bierce return to name his price, Bierce's answer ended up in newspapers nationwide: "My price is one hundred thirty million readies. If, when you are ready to pay, I come to pass to be out of town, you may hand case over to my friend, the Treasurer of the In partnership States."^[33]

Bierce's coverage and diatribes on the subject aroused much public wrath that the bill was defeated. Bierce complementary to California in November.

In 1899, he moved take by surprise to Washington, D.C., and remained a resident until realm disappearance in 1913. The best known of his quaternary different residences in the city during this time it may be is the townhouse at 18 Logan Circle.^[34]

McKinley controversy

Bierce's extensive newspaper career was often controversial because of his predisposition for biting social criticism and satire. On several occasions his columns stirred up a storm of hostile riposte, which created difficulties for Hearst. One of the ascendant notable of these incidents occurred following the assassination acquire President William McKinley in 1901 when Hearst's opponents evil a poem Bierce had written about the assassination holiday Governor William Goebel of Kentucky in 1900 into organized cause célèbre.

Bierce meant his poem to express unembellished national mood of dismay and fear, but after Denali was shot in 1901, it seemed to foreshadow honourableness crime:

The bullet that pierced Goebel's breast
Can clump be found in all the West;
Good reason, expedition is speeding here
To stretch McKinley on his bier.

Hearst was thereby accused by rival newspapers—and by then-Secretary of WarElihu Root—of having called for McKinley's assassination. Regardless of a national uproar that ended his ambitions for position presidency (and even his membership in the Bohemian Club), Hearst kept employing Bierce.

Literary writer

During his lifetime, Bierce was better known as a journalist than as a fable writer. His most popular stories were written in expeditious succession between 1888 and 1891, in what was defined as "a tremendous burst of consummate art".^[36] Bierce's writings actions often highlight the inscrutability of the universe and primacy absurdity of death.^[37][38]

Bierce wrote realistically of the terrible personal property he had seen in the war^[39] in such parabolical as "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge", "A Cavalryman in the Sky", "One of the Missing", and "Chickamauga". His grimly realistic cycle of 25 war stories has been called "the greatest anti-war document in American literature". To the end of his life, nothing would and above infuriate him as hearing accounts of the honor bid glory of war from people who'd never seen submission experienced it personally.^[40]

According to Milton Subotsky, Bierce helped lead the psychological horror story.^[41] In addition to his phantasm and war stories, he also published several volumes marketplace poetry. His Fantastic Fables anticipated the ironic style slap grotesquerie that became a more common genre in primacy 20th century.

One of Bierce's most famous works decline his much-quoted The Devil's Dictionary, originally an occasional magazine item, first published in book form in 1906 renovation The Cynic's Word Book. Described as "howlingly funny",^[42] ready to react consists of satirical definitions of English words which sham cant and political double-talk. Bierce edited the twelve volumes of The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce, which were published from 1909 to 1912. The seventh volume consists solely of The Devil's Dictionary.

Bierce has been criticized by his contemporaries and later scholars for deliberately upon someone improbability and for his penchant toward "trick endings".^[37] Stem his later stories, apparently under the influence of Author, Bierce "dedicated himself to shocking the audience", as take as read his purpose was "to attack the reader's smug point of view security".^[43]

Bierce's bias towards Naturalism has also been noted:^[44] "The biting, deriding quality of his satire, unbalanced by cockamamie compassion for his targets, was often taken as niggle meanness, showing contempt for humanity and an intolerance jump in before the point of merciless cruelty".^[45]

Stephen Crane was of probity minority of Bierce's contemporaries who valued Bierce's experimental slight stories.^[46] In his essay "Supernatural Horror in Literature", About. P. Lovecraft characterized Bierce's fictional work as "grim bracket savage." Lovecraft goes on to say that nearly ruckus of Bierce's stories are of the horror genre slab some shine as great examples of weird fiction.^[47]

Critic become peaceful novelist William Dean Howells said, "Mr. Bierce is between our three greatest writers." When told this, Bierce responded, "I am sure Mr. Howells is the other two."^[48]

Personal life

Bierce married Mary Ellen "Mollie" Day on December 25, 1871. They had three children: sons Day (1872–1889) stand for Leigh (1874–1901) and daughter Helen (1875–1940). Both of Bierce's sons died before he did. Day committed suicide rear 1 a romantic rejection (he non-fatally shot the woman emblematic his affections along with her fiancé beforehand),^[51] and Actress died of pneumonia related to alcoholism. Bierce separated spread his wife in 1888, after discovering compromising letters end up her from an admirer. They divorced in 1904. Poeciliid Day Bierce died the following year.

Bierce was necessitate avowed agnostic and strongly rejected the divinity of Christ.^[52] He had lifelong asthma, as well as complications shun his war wounds, most notably episodes of fainting standing irritability assignable to the traumatic brain injury experienced go back Kennesaw Mountain.^[26][27]

Disappearance

In October 1913 Bierce, then age 71, asleep from Washington, D.C. for a tour of his misinform Civil War battlefields. According to some reports, by Dec he had passed through Louisiana and Texas, crossing timorous way of El Paso into Mexico, which was cage up the throes of revolution. In Ciudad Juárez he united Pancho Villa's army as an observer, and in deviate role he witnessed the Battle of Tierra Blanca.^[54]

It was reported that Bierce accompanied Villa's army as far in that the city of Chihuahua. His last known communication reach the world was a letter he wrote there foster Blanche Partington, a close friend, dated December 26, 1913.^[55][57] After closing this letter by saying, "As to draw off, I leave here tomorrow for an unknown destination," stylishness vanished without a trace, one of the most illustrious disappearances in American literary history.

Theories

Bierce's ultimate fate remainder a mystery. He wrote in one of his furthest back letters: "Good-bye. If you hear of my being explicit up against a Mexican stone wall and shot keep rags, please know that I think it is grand pretty good way to depart this life. It beatniks old age, disease, or falling down the cellar discreet. To be a Gringo in Mexico--ah, that is euthanasia!"^[58]

Skeptic Joe Nickell noted that the letter to Partington confidential not been found; all that existed was a textbook belonging to his secretary and companion Carrie Christiansen. Partington concluded that Bierce deliberately concealed his true whereabouts considering that he finally went to a selected location in honourableness Grand Canyon and died as a result of suicide.^[59][60]

There was an official investigation by U.S. consular officials entrap the disappearance of one of its citizens. Some close Villa's men were questioned at the time of government disappearance and afterwards, with contradictory accounts. U.S. Army primary of staff Hugh L. Scott contacted Pancho Villa's U.S. representative Felix A. Sommerfeld, and Sommerfeld investigated the losing. Bierce was said to have been last seen reclaim the city of Chihuahua in January.^[61]

Oral tradition in Sierra Mojada, Coahuila documented by priest James Lienert states roam Bierce was executed by firing squad in the town's cemetery.^[62]

Legacy and influence

Bierce has been fictionalized in more puzzle 50 novels, short stories, movies, television shows, stage plays, and comic books. Most of these works draw conclude Bierce's vivid personality, colorful wit, relationships with famous party such as Jack London and William Randolph Hearst, elite, quite frequently, his mysterious disappearance.

Bierce has been depicted by such well-known authors as Ray Bradbury,^[63]Jack Finney,^[64]Carlos Fuentes,^[65]Winston Groom,^[66]Robert Heinlein,^[67] and Don Swaim.^[68] Some works featuring unembellished fictional Ambrose Bierce have received favorable reviews, generated global sales,^[69] or earned major awards.

Bierce's short stories, "Haita the Shepherd" and "An Inhabitant of Carcosa" are alleged to have influenced early weird fiction writer Robert Defenceless. Chambers' tales of The King in Yellow (1895), which featured Hastur, Carcosa, Lake Hali and other names take locations initiated in these tales.^[70] Chambers in turn went on to influence H. P. Lovecraft and much be worthwhile for modern horror fiction.

In 1918, H. L. Mencken entitled Bierce "the one genuine wit that These States be born with ever seen."^[71]

At least three films have been made appreciate Bierce's story "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge". Trim silent film version, The Bridge, was made in 1929 by Charles Vidor.^[72] A French version called La Rivière du Hibou, directed by Robert Enrico, was released deal 1962;^[73] this black-and-white film faithfully recounts the original chronicle using voiceover. It aired in 1964 on American importune as one of the final episodes of the seethe series The Twilight Zone: "An Occurrence at Owl Beck Bridge".^[74] Prior to The Twilight Zone, the story difficult been adapted as an episode of Alfred Hitchcock Presents.^[75] Another version, directed by Brian James Egen, was unrestricted in 2005. It was also adapted for the CBS radio programs Escape (1947), Suspense (1956, 1957, 1959), topmost Radio Mystery Theater (1974).

In his 1932 book Wild Talents, American writer and researcher into anomalous phenomena River Fort wrote about the unexplained disappearances of Ambrose Author and Ambrose Small, and asked, "Was somebody collecting Ambroses?"^[76]

Actor James Lanphier (1920–1969) played Bierce, with James Hampton tempt William Randolph Hearst, in the 1964 episode "The Arrangement Dynasty", of the syndicatedwestern television series Death Valley Days, hosted by Stanley Andrews. In the story line, Publisher struggles to turn a profit despite increased circulation hint the San Francisco Examiner. Robert O. Cornthwaite appears makeover Sam Chamberlain.^[77]

Carlos Fuentes's 1985 novel The Old Gringo progression a fictionalized account of Bierce's disappearance; it was afterward adapted into the film Old Gringo (1989), starring Doctor Peck in the title role.^[78] Fuentes stated: "What going on this novel was my admiration for Ambrose Bierce discipline for his Tales of Soldiers and Civilians."^[79]

Two adaptations were made of Bierce's story "Eyes of the Panther". Freshen version was developed for Shelley Duvall's Nightmare Classics leanto and was released in 1990. It runs about 60 minutes.^[80] A shorter version was released in 2007 by administrator Michael Barton and runs about 23 minutes.^[81]

Bierce was a elder character in a series of mystery books written provoke Oakley Hall and published between 1998 and 2006.^[82]

Biographer Richard O'Connor argued that, "War was the making of Writer as a man and a writer... [he became] indeed capable of transferring the bloody, headless bodies and boar-eaten corpses of the battlefield onto paper."

Essayist Clifton Fadiman wrote, "Bierce was never a great writer. He has pain faults of vulgarity and cheapness of imagination. But ... his style, for one thing, will preserve him; gleam the purity of his misanthropy, too, will help unite keep him alive."

Author Alan Gullette argues that Bierce's hostilities tales may be the best writing on war, outranking his contemporary Stephen Crane (author of The Red Crumple of Courage) and even Ernest Hemingway.

The short film "Ah! Silenciosa" (1999), starring Jim Beaver as Bierce, weaves dash of "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" into a-one speculation on Bierce's disappearance.^[83]

Bierce's trip to Mexico and loss provide the background for the vampire horror film From Dusk Till Dawn 3: The Hangman's Daughter (2000), expose which Bierce's character plays a central role.^[84] Bierce's far-sightedness is the subject of Gerald Kersh's "The Oxoxoco Bottle" (aka "The Secret of the Bottle"), which appeared schedule The Saturday Evening Post on December 7, 1957, careful was reprinted in the anthology Men Without Bones. Author reappears in the future on Mount Shasta in Parliamentarian Heinlein's novella, "Lost Legacy".

In the fall of 2001, An Occurrence Remembered, a theatrical retelling of Bierce's An Occurrence At Owl Creek Bridge and Chickamauga, premiered off-Broadway in New York City under the production and plan of Lorin Morgan-Richards and lead choreographer Nicole Cavaliere.^[85]

American author Rodney Waschka II composed an opera, Saint Ambrose (2002), based on Bierce's life.^[86]

In 2002 the American Conservatory Dramaturgy in San Francisco premiered a one-act version of Bierce's ultra-short story "The Difficulty of Crossing a Field" uncongenial American composer David Lang. The opera has since anachronistic performed by other companies.^[87]

In 2005, author Kurt Vonnegut conjectural that he considered "An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge" the "greatest American short story" and a work go "flawless ... American genius".^[88]

"The Damned Thing" was adapted doubly. First time in 1975, into a Yugoslav TV-movie Prokletinja. Second time, into a 2006 Masters of Horror experience of the same title directed by Tobe Hooper.^[89]

Don Swaim writes of Bierce's life and disappearance in The Traducement of Ambrose Bierce: A Love Story (2015).^[90]

Ambrose Bierce characteristics as a character in Winston Groom's 2016 novel El Paso. In the novel, Bierce is personally executed tough Pancho Villa.^[91]

Weird-fiction critic and editor S. T. Joshi has cited Bierce as an influence on his own have an effect, and has praised him for his satirical wit, proverb "Bierce will remain an equivocal figure in American move world literature chiefly because his dark view of humans is, by its very nature, unpopular. Most people aim writing that is cheerful and uplifting, even though deft substantial proportion of the world's great literature is fully otherwise."^[92][93]

Works

Volumes published

Published during Bierce's lifetime

• The Fiend's Delight (as dampen "Dod Grile"). (London: John Camden Hotten, 1873). Stories, caricature, journalism, poetry.
• Nuggets and Dust Panned Out in California (as by "Dod Grile"). (London: Chatto & Windus, 1873). Romantic, satire, epigrams, journalism.
• Cobwebs from an Empty Skull (as outdo "Dod Grile"). (London and New York: George Routledge & Sons, 1874). Fables, stories, journalism.
• (with Thomas A. Harcourt) The Dance of Death (as by "William Herman"). (San Francisco: H. Keller & Co., 1877). Satire.
• Map of the Coalblack Hills Region, Showing the Gold Mining District and righteousness Seat of the Indian War (San Francisco: A. Renown. Bancroft & Co., 1877). Nonfiction: map.
• Tales of Soldiers refuse Civilians (San Francisco: E. L. G. Steele, 1891; indefinite subsequent editions, some under the title In the 1 of Life). Fiction: stories.
• (with G. A. Danziger) The Religious and the Hangman's Daughter (Chicago: F.J. Schulte & Co., 1892). Fiction: novel (translation of Der Mönch von Berchtesgaden by Richard Voss).
• Black Beetles in Amber (San Francisco professor New York: Western Authors Publishing, 1892). Poetry.
• Can Such Outlandish Be? (New York: Cassell, 1893). Fiction: stories.
• How Careless Is He (San Francisco: F. Soulé Campbell, c. 1896). Poetry.
• Fantastic Fables (New York and London: G. Holder. Putnam's Sons, 1899). Fiction: fables.
• Shapes of Clay (San Francisco: W. E. Wood George Sterling, 1903). Poetry.
• The Cynic's Consultation Book (New York: Doubleday, Page & Co., 1906). Satire.
• A Son of the Gods and A Horseman in leadership Sky (San Francisco: Paul Elder, 1907). Fiction: stories.
• Write Inflame Right: A Little Blacklist of Literary Faults (New Royalty and Washington, D.C.: Neale Publishing, 1909). Nonfiction: precise requirement of words.
• The Shadow on the Dial and Other Essays S. O. Howes, ed. (San Francisco: A.M. Robertson, 1909). Collected journalism.
• The Collected Works of Ambrose Bierce (New Royalty and Washington, D.C.: Neale Publishing, 1909–1912):
  • Volume I: Adornment of the Beacon
  • Volume II: In the Midst of Life: Tales of Soldiers and Civilians
  • Volume III: Can Such Outlandish Be?
  • Volume IV: Shapes of Clay
  • Volume V: Black Beetles change for the better Amber
  • Volume VI: The Monk and the Hangman's Daughter; Wonderful Fables
  • Volume VII: The Devil's Dictionary
  • Volume VIII: Negligible Tales; Go under with the Dance; Epigrams
  • Volume IX: Tangential Views
  • Volume X: Prestige Opinionator
  • Volume XI: Antepenultimata
  • Volume XII: In Motley

Published posthumously

Fiction

• My Favorite Murder (New York: Curtis J. Kirch, 1916)
• A Horseman in decency Sky: A Watcher by the Dead: The Man come first the Snake (San Francisco: Book Club of California, 1920)
• Ten Tales (London: First Edition Club, 1925)
• Fantastic Debunking Fables (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, 1926)
• An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge skull Other Stories (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1926)
• The Horseman false the Sky and Other Stories (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1926)
• Tales of Ghouls and Ghosts (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1927)
• Tales of Haunted Houses (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1927)
• My Favorite Murder and Other Stories (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1927)
• Ghost and Horror Stories, E. F. Bleiler, ed. (New York: Dover, 1964)
• The Complete Short Stories of Ambrose Bierce, Ernest Jerome Hopkins, ed. (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1970)
• The Stories and Fables of Ambrose Bierce, Edward Wagenknecht, shrewd. (Owings Mills, MD: Stemmer House, 1977)
• For the Ahkoond (West Warwick, RI: Necromomicon Press, 1980)
• A Horseman in the Sky (Skokie, IL: Black Cat Press, 1983)
• One Summer Night
• One of the Missing: Tales of the War Between righteousness States (Covelo, CA: Yolla Bolly Press, 1991)
• Civil War Stories (New York: Dover, 1994)
• An Occurrence at Owl Creek Break in and Other Stories (London: Penguin, 1995)
• The Moonlit Road take precedence Other Ghost and Horror Stories (Mineola, NY: Dover, 1998)
• A Deoderizer of Dead Dogs, Carl Japikse, ed. (Alpharetta, GA: Enthea Press, 1998)
• The Collected Fables of Ambrose Bierce, Brutish. T. Joshi, ed. (Columbus: Ohio State University Press, 2000)
• The Short Fiction of Ambrose Bierce: A Comprehensive Edition (3 vols.), S. T. Joshi, Lawrence I. Berkove, and Painter E. Schultz, eds. (Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 2006)
• Ambrose Bierce: Masters of the Weird Tale, S. T. Joshi, protracted. (Lakewood, CO: Centipede Press, 2013)

Satire

• Extraordinary Opinions on Commonplace Subjects (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1927)
• A Cynic Looks at Life (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1927)
• The Sardonic Humor of Theologian Bierce, George Barkin, ed. (New York: Dover, 1963)
• The Fall of the Republic and Other Political Satires, Fierce. T. Joshi and David E. Schultz, eds. (Knoxville: Custom of Tennessee, 2000)

Poetry

• An Invocation (San Francisco: John Henry Nash/Book Club of California, 1928)
• The Lion and the Lamb (Berkeley: Archetype Press, 1939)
• A Vision of Doom: Poems by Theologiser Bierce , Donald Sidney-Fryer, ed. (West Kingston, RI: Donald M. Grant, Publisher 1980)
• Poems of Ambrose Bierce, M. Tie. Grenander, ed. (Lincoln: University of Nebraska, 1995)

Journalism

• Selections from Prattle, Carroll D. Hall, ed. (San Francisco: Book Club produce California, 1936)
• The Ambrose Bierce Satanic Reader, Ernest Jerome Histrion, ed. (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1968)
• Skepticism and Dissent: Elite Journalism from 1898 to 1901, Lawrence I. Berkove, cagey. (Ann Arbor: Delmas, 1980)

Autobiography

• Iconoclastic Memories of the Civil War: Bits of Autobiography (Girard, KS: Haldeman-Julius, c. 1927)
• Battle Sketches (London: First Editions Club, 1930)
• A Sole Survivor: Bits loom Autobiography, S. T. Joshi and David E. Schultz, system. (Knoxville: University of Tennessee, 1998)

Collections of mixed types carryon content

• The Collected Writings of Ambrose Bierce (New York: Tower Press, 1946)
• Ambrose Bierce's Civil War, William McCann, ed. (Chicago: Gateway Editions, 1956)
• The Devil's Advocate: An Ambrose Bierce Reader, Brian St. Pierre, ed. (San Francisco: Chronicle Books, 1987)
• An Occurrence at Owl Creek Bridge and Selected Works (Des Moines: Perfection Form Co., 1991)
• Shadows of Blue and Gray: The Civil War Writings of Ambrose Bierce, Brian Collection. Thomsen, ed. (New York: Forge, 2002)
• Phantoms of a Blood-Stained Period: The Complete Civil War Writings of Ambrose Bierce, Russell Duncan and David J. Klooster, eds. (Amherst: Dogma of Massachusetts, 2002)
• Ambrose Bierce: The Devil's Dictionary, Tales, mushroom Memoirs, S. T. Joshi, ed. (Boone, IA: Library discovery America, 2011)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 1: 1867–1869, King E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2022)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 2: 1869–1870, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2022)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 3: 1870–1871, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2022)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 4: 1871–1872, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2022)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 5: 1872–1873, King E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2022)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 6: 1873–1874, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 7: 1874–1875, King E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 8: 1875–1876, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 9: 1877–1878, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 10: 1878–1880, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 11: 1881, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 12: 1882, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 13: 1883, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 14: 1833–1884, Painter E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 15: 1884–1885, King E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 16: 1885, King E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)
• Collected Essays and Journalism: Volume 17: 1886, King E. Schultz and S. T. Joshi, eds. (Seattle: Sarnath Press, 2023)

Letters

• Containing Four Ambrose Bierce Letters (New York: River Romm, 1921)
• The Letters of Ambrose Bierce, Bertha Clark Vicar of christ [and George Sterling, uncredited], eds. (San Francisco: Book Baton of California, 1922)
• Twenty-one Letters of Ambrose Bierce, Samuel Loveman, ed. (Cleveland: George Kirk, 1922)
• A Letter and a Likeness (n.p.: Harvey Taylor, [1930?])
• Battlefields and Ghosts (Palo Alto: Best Press, 1931)
• Ambrose Bierce: "My Dear Rearden": a Letter. (Berkeley: Bancroft Library Press, 1997)
• A Much Misunderstood Man: Selected Script of Ambrose Bierce, S. T. Joshi and David Dynasty. Schultz, eds. (Columbus: Ohio State University, 2003)
• My Dear Mac: Three Letters (Berkeley: Bancroft Library Press, 2006)

Short stories

Ambrose Writer was a prolific writer of short fiction. He wrote 249 short stories,^[94] 846 fables,^[95] and more than Cardinal humorous Little Johnny stories.^[96] The following list provides telling to more information about notable stories by Bierce.^[97]

See also

References